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Technology

SiI 1178

Dual Link

PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

Document # SiI-DS-0127-A

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

ii SiI-DS-0127-A

Silicon Image, Inc.

SiI-DS-0127-A

September 2005

Application Information

To obtain the most updated Application Notes and other useful information for your design, contact your local

Silicon Image sales office. Please also visit the Silicon Image web site at www.siliconimage.com.

This manual is copyrighted by Silicon Image, Inc. Do not reproduce, transform to any other format, or

send/transmit any part of this documentation without the expressed written permission of Silicon Image, Inc.

Trademark Acknowledgment

Silicon Image, the Silicon Image logo, PanelLink® and the PanelLink® Digital logo are registered trademarks of

Silicon Image, Inc. TMDSTM is a trademark of Silicon Image, Inc. VESA® is a registered trademark of the Video

Electronics Standards Association. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

Disclaimer

This document provides technical information for the user. Silicon Image, Inc. reserves the right to modify the

information in this document as necessary. The customer should make sure that they have the most recent data

sheet version. Silicon Image, Inc. holds no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.

Customers should take appropriate action to ensure their use of the products does not infringe upon any patents.

Silicon Image, Inc. respects valid patent rights of third parties and does not infringe upon or assist others to

infringe upon such rights.

Revision History

Revision Date Comment

A 09/20/05 Data Sheet

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Functional Description .................................................................................................................................... 2

Data Capture Logic ..................................................................................................................................... 2

PanelLink TMDS Core ................................................................................................................................ 2

I2C Slave Machine, Registers, and Configuration Logic.............................................................................3

Hot Plug Logic............................................................................................................................................. 3

Electrical Specifications .................................................................................................................................. 4

Absolute Maximum Conditions ................................................................................................................... 4

Normal Operating Conditions ..................................................................................................................... 4

DC Specifications........................................................................................................................................ 5

AC Specifications ........................................................................................................................................ 6

Timing Diagrams ......................................................................................................................................... 7

Input Timing Diagrams ................................................................................................................................ 7

Pin Descriptions.............................................................................................................................................. 9

Input Pins .................................................................................................................................................... 9

Status Pin .................................................................................................................................................. 10

Configuration/Programming Pins.............................................................................................................. 10

Input Voltage Reference Pin ..................................................................................................................... 10

Output and Differential Signal Data Pins .................................................................................................. 11

Dual Link Configuration and Control Pin................................................................................................... 11

Power and Ground Pins............................................................................................................................ 11

Feature Information ...................................................................................................................................... 12

I2C Interface .............................................................................................................................................. 12

I2C Register Mapping................................................................................................................................ 13

RESET Description ................................................................................................................................... 15

Dual Zone PLL .......................................................................................................................................... 15

Manual Zone Control............................................................................................................................. 15

Automatic Zone Control......................................................................................................................... 16

Input Signal Swing and Clocking Selection .............................................................................................. 16

EDGE Selection ........................................................................................................................................ 17

Data De-skew DK[1:0] Feature................................................................................................................. 18

Dual Link Applications............................................................................................................................... 19

Master Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 20

Slave Configuration ............................................................................................................................... 20

Master-Slave Skew Control ...................................................................................................................... 20

Data Mapping Modes for Dual Link .............................................................................................................. 21

Dual Link I2C Programming Sequence Example ...................................................................................... 23

Timing Diagrams ....................................................................................................................................... 23

Enabling Hot Plug Detection Mode........................................................................................................... 24

Design Recommendations ........................................................................................................................... 25

Overview of Pin Differences...................................................................................................................... 25

1.5V to 3.3V I2C Bus Level-Shifting .......................................................................................................... 25

ESD Protection on TMDS Output Pins ..................................................................................................... 26

Voltage Ripple Regulation......................................................................................................................... 27

PCB Ground Planes.................................................................................................................................. 27

Decoupling Capacitors.............................................................................................................................. 27

Source Termination Resistors on Differential Outputs .............................................................................. 28

Transmitter Layout .................................................................................................................................... 30

Recommended Circuits............................................................................................................................. 32

Packaging ..................................................................................................................................................... 33

E-pad Enhancement ................................................................................................................................. 33

Determining Heat Dissipation Requirements ........................................................................................ 33

Designing with E-pad Landing Area ...................................................................................................... 34

48-pin TSSOP Package............................................................................................................................ 35

Ordering Information ................................................................................................................................. 35

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

iv SiI-DS-0127-A

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. General I2C Register Definitions..................................................................................................... 14

Table 2. Dual Link I2C Register Definitions................................................................................................... 15

Table 3. Dual Zone PLL I2C Control Register Bits ........................................................................................ 16

Table 4. DK[1:0] Increments and Effect on Setup and Hold times .............................................................. 18

Table 5. Dual Link Data Mapping – High Resolution Application ................................................................. 21

Table 6. Dual Link Data Mapping – 10-bit Deep Color Application .............................................................. 22

Table 7. Dual Link Programming Sequence and Flowchart ......................................................................... 23

Table 8. Recommended Components for 1-2MHz Noise Suppression........................................................ 28

Table 9. DVI Connector to SiI 1178 Tx for Dual Link Pin Connection .......................................................... 31

Table 10. Allowed Power Consumption vs. E-Pad Solder State................................................................... 34

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. SiI 1178 Tx Pin Diagram.................................................................................................................. 1

Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 2

Figure 3. Clock Cycle/High/Low Times in High Swing Mode ......................................................................... 7

Figure 4. Differential Transition Times ............................................................................................................ 7

Figure 5. VSYNC, HSYNC Delay Times to DE .................................................................................................... 7

Figure 6. DE High/Low Times......................................................................................................................... 7

Figure 7. Low Swing Control and Data Setup/Hold Times to IDCK± Differential Clock................................. 8

Figure 8. High Swing Control and Data Setup/Hold Times to IDCK+ ............................................................ 8

Figure 9. I2C Data Valid Delay (driving Read Cycle data) .............................................................................. 8

Figure 10. RST# Minimum Timing .................................................................................................................. 8

Figure 11. I2C Byte Read .............................................................................................................................. 12

Figure 12. I2C Byte Write .............................................................................................................................. 12

Figure 13. Logical Interface Options for 12-bit Mode ................................................................................... 17

Figure 14. De-skewing Feature Timing ........................................................................................................ 18

Figure 15. Dual Link Configuration............................................................................................................... 19

Figure 16. Single/Dual Link Timing Diagram ................................................................................................ 24

Figure 17. I2C Bus Voltage Level-Shifting using Fairchild NDC7002N ........................................................ 25

Figure 18. I2C Bus Voltage Level Shifting using Philips GTL 2010 .............................................................. 26

Figure 19. ESD Protection Circuit ................................................................................................................ 26

Figure 20. Voltage Regulation using LM317EMP......................................................................................... 27

Figure 21. Decoupling and Bypass Capacitor Placement............................................................................27

Figure 22. Decoupling and Bypass Schematic............................................................................................. 28

Figure 23. Differential Output Source Terminations ..................................................................................... 28

Figure 24. Source Termination Layout Illustration ........................................................................................ 29

Figure 25. Transmitter to DVI Connector Layout.......................................................................................... 30

Figure 26. Recommended Hot Plug Connection.......................................................................................... 32

Figure 27. E-pad Diagram ............................................................................................................................ 33

Figure 28. Package Diagram........................................................................................................................ 35

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter September 2005

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 1

General Description Features

The SiI 1178 transmitter uses PanelLink Digital

technology to support displays ranging from single link

resolutions of VGA to UXGA resolution (25 - 165Mpps)

and dual link resolutions of up to QUXGA (330Mpps).

The SiI 1178 Tx is pin-compatible with the SiI 1178 Tx,

supporting 12-bit mode (½ pixel per clock edge at

double data rates) for true color (16.7 million) support..

Input jitter tolerance is greatly enhanced over the SiI

1178 Tx, enabling spread spectrum applications.

Single-clock/dual-edge clocking is supported in both

high swing and low swing modes.

Used in pairs, SiI 1178 transmitters support dual link

mode and allow dynamic switching between single link

and dual link operation by way of their I2C interfaces.

PanelLink Digital technology simplifies PC design by

resolving many of the system level issues associated

with high-speed mixed signal design, providing the

system designer with a digital interface solution that is

quicker to market and lower in cost.

• Scaleable bandwidth:

 Single link operation from 25 - 165 Mega-

pixels per second (VGA to UXGA)

 Dual link operation up to 330 Mega-pixels

per second

• 12-bit (½ pixel) DDR input with flexible input

clocking: Single-clock/dual-edge or dual-

clock/single-edge

• Full support for low swing DVO 2.0 mode

• I

2C slave programming interface

• Selectable input level voltage swing:

 Low voltage interface: 1.0 to 1.9V

 High swing interface: 3.3V

• Monitor detection supported through Hot Plug

and receiver sense

• Cable distance support: Over 10m

• Compliant with DVI 1.0

• Space saving and environmentally safe 48-pin

TSSOP Pb-free package

PVCC1

PGND

EXT_SWING

AGND

TXC-

TXC+

AVCC

TX0-

TX0+

AGND

TX1-

TX1+

AVCC

TX2-

TX2+

GND

VCC

GND

D11

IDCK+

CTL3/A1

SiI 1178 Tx

48-Pin TSSOP

(Top View)

AGND

45 PGND

46 PVCC2

47 SYNCO/SYNCI

48 MSEN

44 HTPLG

27 SCL

26 SDA

25 RST#

GND

VCC

VSYNC

HSYNC

IDCK-

D10

VREF

Figure 1. SiI 1178 Tx Pin Diagram

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

2 SiI-DS-0127-A

Functional Description

The SiI 1178 Tx is a DVI 1.0 compliant digital-output transmitter with Dual Link capability. Figure 2 shows the

functional blocks of the chip.

Registers &

Configuration

Logic

SDA

SCL

SYNCI/

SYNCO

HTPLG

CTL3/A1

I2C

Slave

Machine Data Capture

Logic

D[11:0]

IDCK+

IDCK-

TXC+

TX0+

TX1+

TX2+

VREF

MSEN

PanelLink

TMDS Digital

core

ISEL/RST#

EXT_SWING

CTL3

SDA

SCL

Hot Plug

Logic

Rx Sense

Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram

Data Capture Logic

The Data Capture Logic Block receives video data sent by the host over a 12-bit bus, with ½ pixel arriving at each

sampled clock edge. Programming over the I2C interface selects the edges of the clocks (rising or falling) to be

used for first and second phase data sampling. The voltage level on VREF sets the SiI 1178 Tx in high swing or

low swing mode. The VREF connection also determines whether one or two input clocks are used. In high swing

mode, only a single clock, IDCK+, is used; data is latched on both edges of this clock. IDCK- is ignored in high

swing mode and must be tied low. In low swing mode (DVO mode), both IDCK+ and IDCK- clocks are used to

sample data. In low swing mode where only IDCK+ is available, IDCK- must be tied to VREF.

PanelLink TMDS Core

The PanelLink TMDS core encodes video information onto three TMDS differential data pairs and a differential

clock pair. In dual link mode, where a pair of chips works together as “Master” and “Slave”, both cores are

synchronized to each other by way of the SYNCO to SYNCI clock connection. Only the Master transmitter

TMDS clock output is connected to the DVI connector. A resistor tied to the EXT_SWING pin is used to control

the TMDS swing amplitude.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 3

I2C Slave Machine, Registers, and Configuration Logic

The SiI 1178 Tx uses a slave I2C interface, capable of running up to 50kHz, for communication with the host. For

the purposes of configuring the chip, registers are read and written through the slave I2C interface. The SiI 1178

Tx must be programmed via I2C to be operational for correct dual link operation and clock edge selection. The

device may be powered down by setting the PD bit.

The slave I2C interface is not 5V tolerant. If the switching levels from the host are not 3.3V, then a voltage level

shifter must be used. The RST# input resets the internal registers and is asserted after power up and receipt of a

stable input pixel clock.

Hot Plug Logic

Connection of a display to the DVI interface can be detected using the Receiver Sense logic. Either the state of

the detection, or an interrupt signal indicating a change of state, may be sent to the MSEN pin. This is useful to

the host controller monitoring the SiI 1178 Tx. The HTPLG signal from DVI indicates that a monitor EDID is

available for reading by the host via the DDC bus.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

4 SiI-DS-0127-A

Electrical Specifications

Absolute Maximum Conditions

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units

VCC

1,2 Supply Voltage 3.3V -0.3 4.0 V

1,2 Input Voltage -0.3 VCC+ 0.3 V

1,2 Output Voltage -0.3 VCC+ 0.3 V

1,2 Junction Temperature (with power applied) 125 °C

TSTG

1,2 Storage Temperature -65 150 °C

Notes

1. Permanent device damage may occur if absolute maximum conditions are exceeded.

2. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions described under Normal Operating Conditions.

Normal Operating Conditions

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units

VCC Supply Voltage 3.0 3.3 3.6 V

VCCN Supply Voltage Noise 100 mVP-P

TA Ambient Temperature (with power applied1) 0 25 70

°C

θJA-4LS Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)2 36

°C/W

θJA-4LNS Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)3,6 100

°C/W

θJA-2LS Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)4 63

°C/W

θJA-2LNS Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)5, 6 109

°C/W

Note

1. Airflow at 0 m/s.

2. Multilayer board, E-pad soldered.

3. Multilayer board, E-pad not soldered.

4. Two-layer board, E-pad soldered.

5. Two-layer board, E-pad not soldered.

6. See page 34 for solder down requirements.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 5

DC Specifications

Under normal operating conditions unless otherwise specified.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units

VCINL Input Clamp Voltage1 I

CL = -18mA GND – 0.8 V

VCIPL Input Clamp Voltage1 I

CL = 18mA VCC + 0.8 V

VREF Low Swing Mode 0.50 0.75 0.95

Input Reference Voltage

High Swing Mode 3.00 3.30 3.60

VIH High swing high-level input voltage VREF = VCC 2.0 VCC + 0.3 V

VIL High swing low-level input voltage VREF = VCC –0.3 0.8 V

VSH Low swing high-level input voltage VREF = VDDQ/2 VDDQ/2 +

100mV

VSL Low swing low-level input voltage VREF = VDDQ/2 VDDQ/2 –

100mV

IIL Input Leakage Current High Impedance -10 10 μA

VOD Differential Voltage2

Single Ended peak-to-peak

Amplitude

RLOAD= 50 Ω

REXT_SWING = 390 Ω

510 550 590 mV

VDOH Differential High Level Output

Voltage2

AVCC V

IDOS Differential Output Short Circuit

Current1

VOUT = 0V 5 μA

IPDQ Quiet Power-down Current3 5 mA

IPD Power-down Current4

PD bit = 0, VCC=3.6V,

0°C ambient 5 mA

ICCT Transmitter Supply Current Typical Pattern5 at

IDCK=165MHz, 25°C

ambient, VCC=3.3V,

one pixel per clock

mode.

REXT_SWING = 390 Ω

135 mA

Worst Case Pattern6

at IDCK=165MHz,

0°C ambient,

VCC=3.6V, one pixel

per clock mode.

REXT_SWING = 390 Ω

170 mA

Notes

1. Guaranteed by design. Voltage undershoot or overshoot cannot exceed absolute maximum conditions for a pulse of

greater than 3 ns or for more than one third of the clock cycle, whichever is less. Exceeding the Clamp Current ICL listed

can result in permanent damage to the chip.

2. Guaranteed by characterization.

3. Quiet Power-down current measured with no transmitter input pins toggling.

4. Power-down current measured with input data bus and control signals toggling.

5. Typical pattern consists of a gray scale area, a checkerboard area, and a text area.

6. Worst-case pattern consists of a black and white checkerboard pattern, with each square being two pixels wide.

7. VDDQ defines the maximum voltage level of Low Swing input. It is not an actual input voltage. Chip characterization for

Low Swing operation is performed at 1.5V only. Voltage level of Low Swing input should never exceed absolute maximum

rating.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

6 SiI-DS-0127-A

AC Specifications

Under normal operating conditions unless otherwise specified.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Figure Notes

TCIP IDCK Period one pixel per clock 6 40 ns Figure 3 4

FCIP IDCK Frequency one pixel per clock 25 165 MHz Figure 3 4

TCIH IDCK High Time IDCK = 165MHz 2.6 ns Figure 3 4

TCIL IDCK Low Time IDCK = 165MHz 2.9 ns Figure 3 4

SLHT Differential Swing Low-to-

High Transition Time

RLOAD = 50Ω,

REXT_SWING = 390Ω

170 200 230 ps Figure 4 6

SHLT Differential Swing High-to-

Low Transition Time

RLOAD = 50Ω,

REXT_SWING = 390Ω

170 200 230 ps Figure 4 6

TIJIT Worst Case IDCK Jitter 1 ns 2

TSHS Data, DE, VSYNC, HSYNC

Setup Time to IDCK+

falling/rising edge

VREF = 3.3V

(High Swing Input)

0.6 ns Figure 8 1,5,7

THHS Data, DE, VSYNC, HSYNC

Hold Time from IDCK +

falling/rising edge

VREF = 3.3V

(High Swing Input)

0.5 ns Figure 8 1,5,7

TSLS Data, DE, VSYNC, HSYNC

Setup Time to IDCK+

falling/rising edge

VREF = 0.75V

(Low Swing Input)

See

note

ns Figure 7 1,5

THLS Data, DE, VSYNC, HSYNC

Hold Time from IDCK+

falling/rising edge

VREF = 0.75V

(Low Swing Input)

See

note

ns Figure 7 1,5

THDE DE high time 8191 TCIP Figure 6 1

TLDE DE low time 128 TCIP Figure 6 1,5

TDDF VSYNC and HSYNC Delay

from DE falling edge

1 TCIP Figure 5

TDDR VSYNC and HSYNC Delay

to DE rising edge

1 TCIP Figure 5

TI2CDVD SDA Data Valid Delay from

SCL high to low transition

CL = 400pf 3 us Figure 9 3

TRESET RST# Signal Low Time

required for valid reset

50 µs Figure 10

TSTEP De-skew step size increment See page 18 for range ps Figure 14

Notes:

1. Guaranteed by design.

2. Actual jitter tolerance may be higher depending on the frequency of the jitter.

3. I2C operation is guaranteed rated at 50kHz and slower speeds.

4. Minimum frequency (maximum IDCK period) defined per DVI 1.0 Specification, section 2.3.1.

5. DE Low time defined as per DVI 1.0 Specification, Section 3.4 Link Timing Requirements.

6. TMDS rise and fall times per DVI 1.0 Specification, Table 4-4, as 0.4*TBIT maximum, where TBIT = 1/10th of TCIP.

7. Typical VCC is defined at 3.3V.

8. The SiI 1178 Transmitter Low Swing timing mode is designed to meet all Intel DVO operational requirements. The

DVO interface is proprietary to Intel Corp. and therefore these timings cannot be disclosed here. Refer to the Intel

DVO 2.0 specification for details.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 7

Timing Diagrams

Input Timing Diagrams

TCIH

TCIL

TCIP

VIH

VIL

VIH VIH

Figure 3. Clock Cycle/High/Low Times in High Swing Mode

Figure 4. Differential Transition Times

TDDR

TDDF

VSYNC, HSYNC

VIL

VIH VIL

VIH

VSYNC, HSYNC

Figure 5. VSYNC, HSYNC Delay Times to DE

TLDE

THDE

VIL

VIH

VIL

VIH

Figure 6. DE High/Low Times

LHT

20% V

80% V

HLT

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

8 SiI-DS-0127-A

D[11:0], DE,

VSYNC, HSYNC

IDCK +

Differential

Clock

TSLS THLS TSLS THLS

VREF VREF

Figure 7. Low Swing Control and Data Setup/Hold Times to IDCK± Differential Clock

Note that VREF is set to VDDQ/2 in Low Swing Mode.

D[11:0], DE,

VSYNC, HSYNC

IDCK+

TSHS THHS TSHS THHS

VCC/2 VCC/2

Figure 8. High Swing Control and Data Setup/Hold Times to IDCK+

Note that typical VCC is 3.3V.

SCL

TI2CDVD

SDA

Figure 9. I2C Data Valid Delay (driving Read Cycle data)

VIH

RST#

VCC

TRESET

Figure 10. RST# Minimum Timing

Note that VCC must be stable between its limits for Normal Operating Conditions for TRESET before RST# is high.

RST# must also be pulled LOW for TRESET before accessing registers.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 9

Pin Descriptions

The SiI 1178 Tx is limited to operation in I2C mode. All required dynamic configuration, including switching

between single link and dual link operation, can be achieved via I2C operations to registers

Input Pins

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

D10

D11

12-bit pixel bus input.

For single link and high-resolution dual link applications, this bus inputs one-half pixel (12

bits) at every clock sampling point.

For deep color dual link applications, this bus takes in either the most significant or least

significant bits.

Refer to Table 5 and Table 6 for exact mapping details.

IDCK+ 12 In Input Data Clock +.

In high swing mode, this pin alone is used for data latching on both edges.

In low swing mode, the input clock is sensed differentially (IDCK+ minus IDCK-).

IDCK- 11 In Input Data Clock –.

This clock is only used in low swing mode; the input clock is sensed differentially as noted

above.

In high swing mode, this pin should be tied to GND. However, in the case of low swing

mode where only IDCK+ is supplied, tie IDCK- to the same voltage level as the VREF pin.

DE 19 In Data enable.

This signal is high when input pixel data is valid to the transmitter and low otherwise. It is

critical that this signal have the same setup/hold timing as the data bus.

HSYNC 20 In Horizontal Sync input control signal.

VSYNC 21 In Vertical Sync input control signal.

CTL3 + A1 24 In Control 3 Input + I2C Address Select.

The use of this multi-function input depends on RST#.

A1 - The bus device address to which the I2C interface will respond is determined by the

state of the A1 pin during the rising edge of RST#. A1 is used to set the second bit of the

I2C device address; it also determines whether the part will be Master or Slave when used

in dual link applications.

A1 = HIGH at reset: I2C Address 0x72; preconfigured for Slave

A1 = LOW at reset: I2C Address 0x70; preconfigured for Master

The device is only fully configured for dual link after the DLNKEN bit is set via I2C

registers.

CTL3 - After RST# goes high and the A1 setting has been latched, this pin functions as

the CTL3 input unless the CTL23en bit is used to disable it. See page 12 for information.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

10 SiI-DS-0127-A

Status Pin

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

MSEN 48 Out Monitor Sense.

This output is programmable through the I2C interface either to indicate the Receiver

Sense status (available only on DC-coupled systems) or the Hot Plug status, or to

generate an interrupt that one of these has changed state.

This is an open-collector pin. Therefore, an external pull-up resistor to the host input

interface voltage (5KΩ recommended) is required on this pin whenever the pin output

function is used. This pin must be connected from the Master to Graphics Host for display

detection. However this pin can be no connect for Slave Tx.

Configuration/Programming Pins

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

RST# 25 In Reset / I2C Interface Address Select.

This pin acts as an asynchronous reset to the I2C interface controller. It must be set

HIGH for normal operation after the Graphics Host has satisfied the minimum TRESET

assertion time.

Also, a low-to-high edge on this pin latches the state on the CTL3/A1 pin to set the

I2C device access address bit A1.

SCL 27 In I2C Clock.

This pin is the I2C Clock input. The incoming clock may be run up to 50kHz. This pin

is not 5V-tolerant and will only support 3.3V signaling. When sharing with lower

voltage or higher voltage I2C clocks, a level shifter will be required. See Figure 17 for

a circuit example on 1.5V to 3.3V level shifting. This is an open-collector pin.

Therefore, a pull-up resistor to 3.3V (2.2KΩ to 4.7KΩ recommended) must be used.

SDA 26 In I2C Data.

This pin is the I2C Data input and output. The incoming data may be run up to 50kHz.

This pin is not 5V-tolerant and will only support 3.3V signaling. When sharing with

lower voltage or higher voltage I2C clocks, a level shifter will be required. See Figure

17 for a circuit example on 1.5V to 3.3V level shifting. This is an open-collector pin.

Therefore, a pull-up resistor to 3.3V (2.2KΩ to 4.7KΩ recommended) must be used.

HTPLG 44 In Hot Plug input.

This pin is used to monitor the “Hot Plug” detect signal from the DVI Connector. This

pin is not 5V-tolerant and a 5V to 3.3V level shifting circuit must be used as shown in

Figure 26.

EXT_SWING 30 Analog Voltage Swing Adjust.

This resistor sets the amplitude of the voltage swing. Each Master and Slave must

have a separate 390Ω + 5% resistor on this pin pulled up to AVCC. A smaller

resistor value sets a larger voltage swing and vice versa.

Input Voltage Reference Pin

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

VREF 2 Analog Input Reference Voltage.

Selects the swing range of the digital parallel data inputs (D [11:0], DE, VSYNC,

HSYNC and IDCK+).

To enable high swing mode, VREF should be set to 3.3V.

When VREF is between 0.5V and 0.95V, the digital parallel data inputs are low swing

inputs. In low swing mode, VREF must be set to ½ the value of the maximum low

swing input voltage. For DVO mode, VREF should be set to 0.75V. CTL3 is always

assumed to be a high swing signal and therefore is not affected by VREF.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 11

Output and Differential Signal Data Pins

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

TX0+

TX0-

TX1+

TX1-

TX2+

TX2-

Analog

TMDS Low Voltage Differential Signal output data pairs.

TXC+

TXC-

Analog

TMDS Low Voltage Differential Signal output clock pair.

Dual Link Configuration and Control Pin

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

SYNCO/

SYNCI

47 In/Out Sync Out / Sync In.

This pin can be switched between 2 functions during Dual Link mode. This pin is

always configured in High Swing mode.

SYNCO (A1 = LOW, DLNKEN bit = 1)

This pin is an Clock output signal from the dual link Master. This pin should be

connected to the Slave SYNCI pin for core clock synchronization with the Slave.

SYNCI (A1 = HIGH, DLNKEN bit = 1)

This pin is an input to the dual link Slave. This pin should be connected to the Master

SYNCO pin for core clock synchronization with the Master.

The SYNCO to SYNCI trace should be as short as possible.

Power and Ground Pins

Pin Name Pin # Type Description

VCC 3,22 Power Digital VCC must be set to 3.3V nominal.

GND 1,4,23 Ground Digital GND.

AVCC 34,40 Power Analog VCC must be set to 3.3V nominal.

AGND 31,37,43 Ground Analog GND.

PVCC1 28 Power PLL Driver Analog VCC must be set to 3.3V nominal.

PVCC2 46 Power Filter PLL Analog VCC, must be set to 3.3V nominal.

PGND 29,45 Ground PLL Analog GND.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

12 SiI-DS-0127-A

Feature Information

I2C Interface

The SiI 1178 Tx slave state machine operates from an internal clock derived from the incoming SCL signal. No

video clock and input is required to read and write to the I2C registers from address 0x00 to 0x0F. These

accesses can also take place using only the SCL clock in power down mode.

The SiI 1178 Tx responds to the seven-bit binary I2C address of 0x70 in Master Mode and 0x72 in Slave Mode. A

read or write transaction is determined by bit 0 of the I2C address. Setting this bit to 1 will enable a write

transaction and setting this bit to 0 will enable a read transaction.

The I2C read operation is shown in Figure 11, and the write operation in Figure 12.

Slave Address Register Address Slave Address

Data

Stop

Start

Bus Activity :

Master

SDA

Figure 11. I2C Byte Read

Slave Address Register Address Data

Stop

Start

Bus Activity :

Master

SDA

Figure 12. I2C Byte Write

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 13

I2C Register Mapping

Addr. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Initialization

Value

Notes

0x0 VND_IDL 0x01

0x1 VND_IDH 0x00

0x2 DEV_IDL 0x06

0x3 DEV_IDH 0x00

0x4 DEV_REV 0x00

0x5 RSVD ●● 4

0x6 FRQ_LOW 0x19

0x7 FRQ_HIGH 0xA5

0x8 RSVD

write to 00

VEN HEN RSVD

write to 01

EDGE PD 00110100 3, 5

0x9 VLOW MSEL[2:0] TSEL RSEN HTPLG MDI ●010●●●● 3, 5

0xA RSVD

write to 1

DK[1:0] CTL23_

CTL[3:0] 10010001 4, 5

0xB RSVD ●● 4

0xC RSVD

write to 1

MSTR_

SLV

RSVD

write to 001001

1●001001 5

0xD DCTL[2:0] DLKEN RSVD

write to 0000

01100000 4, 5

0xE RSVD

write to 00

EZONE ZONEF ZONEO RSVD

write to 001

00000001

0xF RSVD 0x0C 4

Notes:

1. Legend: Symbol ● indicates either an indeterminate value or a value set dynamically based on pin input level.

Hexadecimal values use a prefix of ‘0x’. All values use bit 7 as most significant, bit 0 as least significant.

2. Read-only or read/write capabilities are noted on the next page.

3. On any RST# assertion event, all registers that have default values lose their previously programmed value and are set

back to the default values listed on the next page.

4. Registers listed as RSVD and shaded gray are reserved for factory use and should not be accessed.

5. Write the initialization values indicated.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

14 SiI-DS-0127-A

Table 1. General I2C Register Definitions

VND_IDL RO Vendor ID Low byte (0x01)

VND_IDH RO Vendor ID High byte (0x00)

DEV_IDL RO Device ID Low byte (0x06)

DEV_IDH RO Device ID High byte (0x00)

DEV_REV RO Device Revision (0x00)

FRQ_LOW RO IDCK. Low frequency limit is 25MHz. (0x19)

FRQ_HIGH RO IDCK High frequency limit is 165MHz. (0xA5)

HEN RW Horizontal Sync Enable

0 – HSYNC input is transmitted as fixed LOW

1 – HSYNC input is transmitted as input. → Default

VEN RW Vertical Sync Enable

0 – VSYNC input is transmitted as fixed LOW

1 – VSYNC input is transmitted as input. → Default

EDGE RW Edge Select

0 – Falling edge latched first in dual edge mode→ Default

1 – Rising edge latched first in dual edge mode

PD RW Power Down mode

0 – Power Down. → Default after RESET

1 – Normal operation

VLOW RO Voltage Swing Mode

0 – VREF signal indicates low swing inputs

1 – VREF indicates high swing inputs

MSEL[2:0] RW Select source of the MSEN output pin

000 – Tri-state MSEN output (will go high due to pullup)

001 – Outputs the MDI bit (interrupt)

010 – Outputs the RSEN bit (receiver detect). → Default

011 – Outputs the HTPLG bit (hot plug detect)

100 to 111 – Do not use

TSEL RW Interrupt Generation Method

0 – Interrupt bit (MDI) is generated by monitoring RSEN

1 – Interrupt bit (MDI) is generated by monitoring HTPLG

RSEN RO Receiver Sense. This bit is HIGH if a powered on receiver is connected to the transmitter

outputs, LOW otherwise. This function is only available for use in DC-coupled systems.

HTPLG RO Hot Plug Detect input. The state of HTPLG pin can be read from this bit.

MDI RW Monitor Detect Interrupt. Uses signal specified by TSEL to generate an interrupt. Write ‘1’

to this bit to clear the interrupt status.

0 – Detection signal has changed logic level

1 – Detection signal has not changed state

DK[1:0] RW De-Skewing Setting. See page 18 for full control detail.

CTL[3:0] RW Control 3-0. General Purpose bits to transmit CTL0, CTL1, CTL2, CTL3 when DE is LOW.

0 – Transmit specific CTL as LOW

1 – Transmit specific CTL as HIGH

Note that when CTL23_EN bit is set, only CTL 1:0 can be set with these bits.

CTL23_EN RW Control 2-3 Enable. This bit determines the source of CTL3 to be sent out over TMDS.

0 – Disable CTL3 input function, send CTL2-3 as defined by bit in CTL[3:0].

1 – Enable CTL3 input as source for CTL3 over TMDS, CTL2=0. → Default

Notes:

1. RO = Read Only Registers

2. RW = Read/Write Registers

3. ‘Default’ indicates value set after a reset event. Not all bits default to a defined state after reset.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 15

Table 2. Dual Link I2C Register Definitions

DLNKEN RW Dual Link enable bit.

0 – Disable Dual Link mode.→ Default Value.

1 – Enable Dual Link mode.

MSTR_SLV RO Master/Slave Status. This bit is only valid when DLNKEN bit is 1.

0 – Slave in Dual Link mode.

1 – Master in Dual Link mode.

DCTL[2:0] RW Skew control between master and slave in DUAL link mode (see the dual link section for

more information). Increment 260psec.

000 : 1 step→ minimum setup / maximum hold

001 : 2 step

010 : 3 step

011 : 4 step→ Default

100 : 5 step

101 : 6 step

110 : 7 step→maximum setup / minimum hold

111 : Not available.

Notes:

1. RO = Read Only Registers

2. RW = Read/Write Registers

3. Default indicates value set after Reset event.

RESET Description

The input pin RST# serves as an asynchronous (active LOW) reset signal for the I2C slave controller. The

following lists the behavior of the chip during and after Reset:

• RST# must be driven low for at least 50μs for proper I2C logic reset.

• During reset, the chip I2C registers and logic cannot be accessed. Dual link mode cannot be selected

during this period.

• After reset, the chip TMDS outputs will be turned OFF and all registers that are listed with default

initialization values will be set to those values. The SiI 1178 Tx can be accessed and enabled via I2C

beginning from this event.

Dual Zone PLL

The SiI 1178 Tx offers a dual-zone PLL that changes its operational parameters depending on the frequency zone

selected. In the low zone, operation is ideal in the low frequency range, from 20MHz to around 120MHz. High

zone operation is optimized in the high frequency range, above 100MHz. In the overlapping range, either low

zone or high zone operation can be used.

Operating zone optimization contributes to robust operation over long cables. For example, optimized PLL

characteristics account for the ability of the transmitter to send video at UXGA over 20m cables.

PLL zone selection is controlled either manually or automatically. Manual zone control is the preferred mode of

operation.

Manual Zone Control

Whenever the application allows it, PLL zone selection should be made manually. The I2C register bits ZONEF

and EZONE allow the host graphics controller to set the optimal zone for the current video resolution being

transmitted. For frequencies over 100MHz, the controller should select high zone PLL operation. Table 3

describes the relevant register bits.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

16 SiI-DS-0127-A

Automatic Zone Control

For applications that are not able to program the I2C registers, the chip incorporates an automatic zone control

circuit. This circuit determines whether the input pixel clock is operating in the low frequency range or the high

frequency range, and sets the PLL zone selection accordingly. The chip defaults to the automatic mode of zone

selection after reset.

The zone determination depends primarily on input frequency, but is also affected by operating voltage and chip

temperature. Therefore, it is possible for an automatic zone switch to occur while video input is stable, causing

momentary (~1μs) unevenness in the video output clock and data streams. This could occur, for example, while

the chip is still warming up to its normal operating temperature. However, the automatic selection circuit provides

wide hysteresis to ensure that there will not be any oscillation around the zone switch point.

Table 3. Dual Zone PLL I2C Control Register Bits

ZONEF RW Zone Force. Enable external selection of main PLL operating zone. When ZONEF=1, the

main PLL zone is selected by EZONE.

0 – Automatic zone selection – EZONE bit disabled (default)

1 – Manual zone selection – EZONE bit enabled

EZONE RW External Zone Select. Selects operating zone of main PLL, but only when ZONEF=1

(disabled by default).

0 – Low zone (recommended for 20-120MHz)

1 – High zone (recommended for > 100MHz)

ZONEO RO Zone Output – indicates current operating zone.

When ZONEF=0 (automatic), ZONEO indicates that PLL is operating in zone optimized for:

0 = Lower frequencies

1 = Higher frequencies.

When ZONEF=1 (manual), ZONEO indicates the zone that automatic selection would have

chosen.

0 – Low frequency operation is sensed

1 – High frequency operation is sensed

Input Signal Swing and Clocking Selection

The SiI 1178 Tx offers two modes of data input signal sampling. Within those modes the input clocking method

can also be selected.

 High swing input is defined for signal swings associated with the chip digital VCC voltage, nominally 3.3V.

Internal sampling is centered at the VCC/2 point. To select high swing operation, tie VREF to VCC.

o High swing input automatically selects only a single input clock IDCK+. Tie IDCK- to GND.

 Low swing input is defined for signal swings that are lower than VCC. VREF selects the center point for the

sampling, plus or minus 100mV. To select low swing input tie VREF to the max signal swing, divided by two.

1.5V DVO operation, for example, requires VREF to be tied to a 0.75V reference.

o Two input clocks are used by default with low swing input mode. Connect both IDCK+ and IDCK- to

the appropriate source clocks.

o If only a single input clock is used with low swing input mode, tie the IDCK- pin to VREF.

Note that use of VREF for low swing sample point selection is valid only up to 1.9V. For high swing sample point

selection, VREF can fall only in the nominal VCC range (3.0-3.6V). Other values for VREF are undefined.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 17

EDGE Selection

The SiI 1178 Tx provides flexible edge selection.

 In high swing mode, the device supports a single clock input on IDCK+. The EDGE bit selects whether to

latch the first data on the rising or the falling edge. In high swing mode, IDCK- must be grounded for proper

operation.

 In low swing mode, the device supports dual clock inputs on IDCK+ and IDCK-. The EDGE bit selects

whether to latch the data on the rising or the falling edges of the input clocks. If using only IDCK+ in low

swing mode, IDCK- must be tied to VREF for proper operation.

Figure 13 details the behavior of the edge selection bit in both high swing and low swing modes

P0LP

IDCK+

D[11:0] P1LP

1HP

N-1HP

NLP

IDCK+

IDCK-

IDCK+

IDCK-

HIGH/

LOW

SWING

MODE

LOW

SWING

MODE

HIGH/

LOW

SWING

MODE

LOW

SWING

MODE

EDGE = 1

EDGE = 0

L = Low half pixel

H = High half pixel

First Latch Edge

Figure 13. Logical Interface Options for 12-bit Mode

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

18 SiI-DS-0127-A

Data De-skew DK[1:0] Feature

Input clock to data setup/hold time can be adjusted through the use of the de-skew feature. It should be noted

that it is the clock that is being adjusted internally. The configuration pins DK[1:0] or applicable I2C registers can

be used to vary the input setup/hold time by TCD.

The DK[1:0] bits in the configuration registers can be used to control the TCD value. Table 4 lists the De-skew time

increment range and the effect on Setup and Hold.

The de-skew feature should not be used in dual link applications. The variability of the delay from one chip

sample to the next would be compounded if two of the chips were used as they must be for dual link.

TCD

IDCK+

IDCK-

DK[1:0] 01 00 10

DE,

HSYNC,

VSYNC,

D[11:0]

-TCD

default

Figure 14. De-skewing Feature Timing

Table 4. DK[1:0] Increments and Effect on Setup and Hold times

DK[1:0] De-Skew Time

(TCD )

Setup and Hold Time Effect

01 -100ps to -400ps Reduces Setup time, increases Hold time.

00 0 ps No effect. Default and recommended setting.

10 +100ps to +400ps Reduces Hold time, increases Setup time.

11 -300ps to +300ps Not recommended.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 19

Dual Link Applications

The SiI 1178 Tx is designed for use in pairs for dual link applications. The primary link or Master transmitter

sends synchronization information to the secondary link or Slave transmitter to maintain the correct inter-pair

skew among all six data pairs.

The DVI 1.0 specification requires that all pixel clock frequencies above 165MHz be transmitted over dual TMDS

links. The specification also allows for extra color depth to be transmitted across the second link. The discussion

below refers to the higher pixel rate application, but can also be applied to the extra color depth application as

described in the Data Mapping Modes for Dual Link section.

The descriptions below differentiate dual link mode and dual link operation as follows.

Dual Link Mode: The circuit must be designed to indicate one Master and one Slave device; also the Master-to-

Slave synchronization must be established. Finally, the chips must be programmed through the I2C registers to

recognize the dual link application.

Dual Link Operation: Once designed and configured for dual link mode, the chips can operate as either a single

link or a dual link interface. The host graphics controller selects between single link and dual link operation

through an I2C register bit depending on pixel rate.

Data must not be supplied to the Master or Slave until both devices have been fully programmed to Dual Link

mode.

IDCK

HSYNC

VSYNC

SDA

SCL

D[11:0]

Tx[2:0]±

TxC±

IDCK

SDA

SCL

D[11:0]

Tx[2:0]±

TxC±

IDCK

HSYNC

VSYNC

D[11:0]

To Single Link

or Dual Link Rx

TxC±

Tx[2:0]±

Tx[5:3]±

From

Multimedia

Controller

Master

Slave SiI 1178

SiI 1178

A1A1

D[23:12]

HIGH LOW

SDA

SCL

SYNCI SYNCO

VSYNC

HSYNC

EVEN DATA

ODD DATA

Figure 15. Dual Link Configuration

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

20 SiI-DS-0127-A

Master Configuration

The Master transmitter is partially configured for Master mode in a Dual Link operation by setting the A1/CTL3 pin

to low before reset, as shown in Figure 15.

The primary 12-bit data from the host graphics controller is connected to the Master transmitter. This bus provides

both EVEN and ODD pixels for pixel rates at or below 165MHz, and the EVEN pixel for pixels rates greater than

165MHz.

The Control Signals HSYNC, VSYNC and DE are connected to both the Master and Slave transmitters. Both

transmitters require the DE signal (they cannot generate this signal internally). The input clock(s) are connected

to both the Master and Slave transmitters.

The SYNCO pin of the Master transmitter is connected to the SYNCI pin of the Slave transmitter. This signal is

used to synchronize the two transmitters. This signal has a skew control mechanism to control the skew between

the Master and Slave transmitters, which is done through the I2C register bits DCTL[2:0].

To fully enable the SiI 1178 Tx as Master in dual link mode, the DLNKEN bit must be set to 1. A detailed

programming sequence is provided on page 23.

Slave Configuration

The Slave transmitter is partially configured for Slave mode in a Dual Link operation by setting the A1/CTL3 pin to

high before reset as shown in Figure 15.

The secondary 12-bit data from the host graphics controller is connected to the Slave transmitter. This bus

provides the ODD pixels for pixel rates greater than 165MHz. For rates at or below 165MHz, the host sends no

data to the Slave transmitter. Instead, the host powers down the Slave by setting the PD bit in the I2C registers.

It is important to explicitly power down the Slave transmitter when in single link operation, because the dual link

Slave receiver will put the display device into dual link mode if it sees any secondary link activity (even just black

video data).

The control signals HSYNC, VSYNC and DE along with input clock(s) are shared with the Master transmitter.

The SYNCI pin of the Slave transmitter is connected to the SYNCO pin of the Master transmitter as noted above.

To fully enable the SiI 1178 Tx as Slave in dual link mode, the DLNKEN bit must be set to 1. A detailed

programming sequence is provided on page 23.

Master-Slave Skew Control

Due to the possibility of individual design constraints or mismatches between ODD and EVEN data

synchronization, the SiI 1178 Tx has been designed with a dual link skew control feature. This feature allows the

skew between the SiI 1178 Tx Master and Slave to be controlled by setting the DCTL[2:0] register. This register

allows four steps for adjusting the output of the Master SiI 1178 Tx either ahead of or behind the outputs of the

Slave device. This feature should only be used in to control or adjust excessive inter-pair skew between the DVI

outputs of the Master and Slave. DCTL[2:0] will not adjust or compensate for input data setup and hold timing

deficiencies. Definition of the steps available for DCTL[2:0] is provided in Table 2 on page 15.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 21

Data Mapping Modes for Dual Link

The DVI 1.0 specification offers two uses for dual link. It can support either higher resolution, or else it can

support greater color depth.

Table 5 shows how the mapping works for high resolution applications. The input data is divided up into even and

odd pixels as shown. Pixels 0, 2, 4, etc. are carried on the Master link. Pixels 1, 3, 5, etc. are carried on the

Slave link.

Table 5. Dual Link Data Mapping – High Resolution Application

Device Pin Name 1st Clock Edge 2nd Clock Edge

D11 G0[3] R0[7]

D10 G0[2] R0[6]

D9 G0[1] R0[5]

D8 G0[0] R0[4]

D7 B0[7] R0[3]

D6 B0[6] R0[2]

D5 B0[5] R0[1]

D4 B0[4] R0[0]

D3 B0[3] G0[7]

D2 B0[2] G0[6]

D1 B0[1] G0[5]

Master

SiI 1178 Tx

EVEN Pixel Data

D0 B0[0] G0[4]

D11 G1[3] R1[7]

D10 G1[2] R1[6]

D9 G1[1] R1[5]

D8 G1[0] R1[4]

D7 B1[7] R1[3]

D6 B1[6] R1[2]

D5 B1[5] R1[1]

D4 B1[4] R1[0]

D3 B1[3] G1[7]

D2 B1[2] G1[6]

D1 B1[1] G1[5]

Slave

SiI 1178 Tx

ODD Pixel Data

D0 B1[0] G1[4]

Notes

1. Color Pixel Components: R = RED, G = GREEN, B = BLUE

2. Bit significance within a color: [7:0] = [Msb:Lsb]

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

22 SiI-DS-0127-A

Table 6 shows how the mapping works for deep color applications. The input data is divided up into Most

Significant bits (MS bits) of the pixel and Least Significant bits (LS bits) as shown. The MS bits are carried on the

Master link. The LS bits are carried on the Slave link, and are left-justified as noted in the DVI spec. Using this

scheme ensures that connection of a future source with 12-bit or 16-bit color depth will still map the most

significant bits correctly to a 10-bit display.

Table 6. Dual Link Data Mapping – 10-bit Deep Color Application

Device Pin Name 1st Clock Edge 2nd Clock Edge

D11 G0[5] R0[9]

D10 G0[4] R0[8]

D9 G0[3] R0[7]

D8 G0[2] R0[6]

D7 B0[9] R0[5]

D6 B0[8] R0[4]

D5 B0[7] R0[3]

D4 B0[6] R0[2]

D3 B0[5] G0[9]

D2 B0[4] G0[8]

D1 B0[3] G0[7]

Master

SiI 1178 Tx

MS bits Pixel Data

D0 B0[2] G0[6]

D11 low R1[1]

D10 low R1[0]

D9 low low

D8 low low

D7 B1[1] low

D6 B1[0] low

D5 low low

D4 low low

D3 low G1[1]

D2 low G1[0]

D1 low low

Slave

SiI 1178 Tx

LS bits Pixel Data

D0 low low

Notes

1. Color Pixel Components: R = RED, G = GREEN, B = BLUE

2. Bit significance within a color: [7:0] = [Msb:Lsb]

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 23

Dual Link I2C Programming Sequence Example

To enable the SiI 1178 Tx Master and Slave, the sequence in Table 7 provides a typical program flow. The

example uses falling clock edges for input latching.

Table 7. Dual Link Programming Sequence and Flowchart

Step Details Flowchart

Ensure that both Master and Slave have been configured to

follow physical configuration shown on Figure 15

Disable all video and clock output from the host graphics

controller.

Program

Sequence 11

Program Slave (0x72) with the following register values.

0x0F→0x44

0x0F→0x4C [This register must be set to this value for

normal operation after resolution change, exit from power

down mode, suspend and hibernation]

0x0E→34h if > =100MHz(single Link); 10h if <100Mhz

0x0A→0x80

0x09→0x30 [Set MSEN to output Hotplug pin status]

0x0C→0x89 [Initialize reserved register bits]

0x0D→0x70 [Enable dual link function and default DCTL]

0x08→0x32 or 30h [Enable H/V Sync, set correct EDGE, but

disable output]

Program

Sequence 2

Program Master (0x70) with the same sequence as above.

Check

Configuration

Check Master/Slave setting option.

Read Master (0x70)

0x0C[6] = 1

Read Slave (0x72)

0x0C[6] = 0

Proceed if both bits are read back with the correct values.

Program

Sequence 3

Program Master (0x70) with the following register value.

0x08→0x31(EDGE = Low) or 0x33 (EDGE = High) [Enable

output]

Program Slave (0x72) with the following register value.

0x08→0x31(EDGE = Low) or 0x33 (EDGE = High) [Enable

output]

Program Sequence 1:

Intialize Slave Tx, PD=0

BEGIN

Program Sequence 2:

Intialize Master Tx, PD=0

Disable Video

and Clock

Output from

Multimedia

Controller

Master/Slave

RO bit correct?

Program Sequence 3:

Set Master Tx PD=1

Set Slave Tx PD=1

Enable Video

and Clock

Output from

Multimedia

Controller

END

Notes

1. Entire programming sequence must be executed after every Reset event, Resolution swtich, Video Clock

changes or suspend events.

2. Slave must be programmed before Master during all events listed in note 1.

Timing Diagrams

Figure 16 is an example of the timing for a dual link application. When the bandwidth is less than or equal to

165Mpps, the host graphics controller does not send any data to the Slave transmitter. The Slave transmitter is

powered down by setting bit PD=0 in the I2C registers. The host graphics controller is sending both EVEN and

ODD data to the Master transmitter via the primary 12-bit bus in single link mode.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

24 SiI-DS-0127-A

When the bandwidth is greater than 165Mpps, the host graphics controller sends the EVEN data to the Master

transmitter via the primary 12-bit bus and the ODD data to the slave transmitter via the secondary 12-bit bus. It

also powers up the Slave transmitter by setting bit PD=1 in the I2C registers.

The host graphics controller is always driving the data in 12 bits, in both dual-edge/single-clock and single-

edge/dual-clock modes. Only in dual link applications are both the Master and Slave transmitters configured to

receive data in that mode.

D[11:0]

Slave PD bit

IDCK+ (Dual

Edge)

Slave

D[11:0]

Master

D[11:0]

Multimedia Controller is not sending any data

to the slave. It is powered down.

For frequencies less than or equal to 165MHz,

Multimedia Controller is sending both EVEN

and ODD data to Master device only.

For frequencies greater than 165MHz, the

Multimedia Controller is sending only the

EVEN data to the Master device.

D[11:0] D[11:0] D[11:0] D[11:0] D[11:0] D[11:0] D[11:0]

D[23:12] D[23:12] D[23:12] D[23:12]

For frequencies greater than 165MHz, the

Multimedia Controller is sending only the ODD

data to the Slave device. It takes the Slave out

of power down mode.

IDCK+

IDCK-

(Dual Clock)

Slave PD bit must be set to 1 by this period

Figure 16. Single/Dual Link Timing Diagram

Enabling Hot Plug Detection Mode

As documented in the VESA Digital Flat Panel Standard, all monitors are required to support Hot Plug Detection

but support is optional for the host. The SiI 1178 Tx supports the Hot Plug Detect feature. In I2C mode, use the

HTPLG input. It should be noted that the HTPLG pin on the SiI 1178 Tx is only 3.3V tolerant. Therefore, the

HTPLG voltage level from the DVI connector should be level shifted or clamped at 3.3V.

When the voltage level at the HTPLG pin is 3.3V, the HTPLG bit will be set to 1. To output the HTPLG bit via the

MSEN pin, register bits MSEL [2:0] should be programmed to 011.

The SiI 1178 Tx can also be programmed to determine Hot Plug detection via the Receiver Sense function. In this

mode, input of the HTPLG signal is not required. By programming MSEL[2:0] to 010, the SiI 1178 Tx will output

the RSEN bit state though the MSEN pin to indicate whether the SiI 1178 Tx is connected to a powered receiver.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 25

Design Recommendations

The following sections describe recommendations for robust board design with the SiI 1178 Tx. Designers should

include provision for these circuits in their design, and adjust the specific passive component values according to

the characterization results.

Overview of Pin Differences

When used in an SiI 1162 Tx application, the SiI 1178 Tx is a drop-in replacement that also offers increased input

clock jitter tolerance. However, the SiI 1178 Tx part only supports I2C -controlled mode of operation – it cannot be

used in a strap-selected application as the SiI 1162 Tx could. Two pins change function as a result.

ISEL/RST# Æ RST#: The ISEL function of the SiI 1162 Tx, used to set strap-operated mode, is no longer

supported.

PD#: The PD# input pin is no longer available. Power down must instead be controlled by the PD bit in the I2C

1.5V to 3.3V I2C Bus Level-Shifting

The SiI 1178 Tx I2C SDA and SCL swing level must be 3.3V. Intel motherboards with DVO sources provide an I2C

signal with voltage swing of 1.5V. To ensure proper initialization of the SiI 1178 Tx, a bi-directional voltage level-

shifting circuit between the SiI 1178 Tx I2C bus and the Intel Graphics Host should be implemented. Two possible

choices that have been tested by Silicon Image for this purpose are a dual N-channel transistor (Fairchild

Semiconductor NDC7002N) and a high-speed bus switch (Philips GTL2010).

Figure 17 is a schematic example using the Fairchild dual N-channel transistor to translate I2C from 1.5V to 3.3V

and vice versa.

1.5V

1.5V I

C DATA FROM VGA

2.2K

2.9V 3.3V

2N7002

1.5V I

C CLK FROM VGA

3.3V2.9V

3.3V I2C CLK TO SiI 1178

2.2K

3.3V I2C DATA TO SiI117

2N7002

Figure 17. I2C Bus Voltage Level-Shifting using Fairchild NDC7002N

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

26 SiI-DS-0127-A

Figure 18 is a schematic example using the Philips high-speed bus switch to achieve a 1.5V to 3.3V bi-directional

level-shift.

1.5V I

C DATA FROM VGA

3.3V I2C DATA TO SiI 1178

2.2K

3.3V I2C CLK TO SiI 1178

3.3V

200K

1.5V

1.5V I

C CLK FROM VGA

GTL2010

GND

SREF

GREF

DREF

D10

S10

Figure 18. I2C Bus Voltage Level Shifting using Philips GTL 2010

ESD Protection on TMDS Output Pins

Silicon Image does not advise inserting ESD devices onto the differential lines between the SiI 1178 transmitter

and the connector in high-speed applications. Capacitance and inductance on these lines from such discrete

devices will adversely affect the high-speed performance as it will change the impedance of the lines. However

for applications with throughput of less than 108Mbps, a small signal diode such as the BAV99 and 10Ω series

resistors may be placed on the differential lines. The diodes should be placed closer to the DVI connector while

the 10 Ω resistors should be placed closer to the transmitter output. As noted in the section Transmitter Layout

(page 30), 100Ω differential impedance is an important parameter for proper layout. See Figure 19 for an

illustration.

GND

BAV99

10Ω

3.3V

DVI CONNECTOR

TMDS Trace

Figure 19. ESD Protection Circuit

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 27

Voltage Ripple Regulation

The power supply to VCC pins is very important to the proper operation of the transmitter. An example of a tested

regulator circuit is shown in Figure 20. Note that alternative voltage regulator circuits should be considered only if

they meet the LM317 standards of line/load regulation. To regulate to 3.3V from a 5V source, choose a voltage

regulator capable of 1.7V dropout (such as the LM1117).

Decoupling and bypass capacitors are also involved with power supply connections, as described in detail in

Decoupling Capacitors on page 27.

240 Ω 1%

390 Ω 1%

Vin

12V

Vout

3.3V

ADJ

Vin Vout

LM317EMP

Figure 20. Voltage Regulation using LM317EMP

PCB Ground Planes

All ground pins on the device should be connected to the same, contiguous ground plane in the PCB for dual link

applications. This approach helps to avoid ground loops and inductances from one ground plane segment to

another. Such low-inductance ground paths are critical for return currents, which affect EMI performance. The

entire ground plane surrounding the PanelLink transmitter should be one piece, and include the ground vias for

the DVI connector.

Decoupling Capacitors

Designers should include decoupling and bypass capacitors at each power pin in the layout. These are shown

schematically in Figure 22. Place these components as close as possible to the PanelLink device pins, and avoid

routing through vias if possible. Figure 21 is representative of the various types of power pins on the transmitter.

VCC

Ferrite

Via to GND

VCC

GND

Figure 21. Decoupling and Bypass Capacitor Placement

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

28 SiI-DS-0127-A

C1 C2

VCC

Figure 22. Decoupling and Bypass Schematic

The values shown in Table 8 are recommendations that should be adjusted according to the noise characteristics

of the specific board-level design. Pins in one group (such as VCC) for an individual SiI 1178 Tx may share C2,

the ferrite and C3. Master and Slave must not share the same decoupling capacitors for any pin group: each pin

should have a separate C1 placed as close to the pin as possible.

Table 8. Recommended Components for 1-2MHz Noise Suppression

C1 C2 C3 L1

100 – 300 pF 0.1 μF 10 µF

Ferrite, 200+ Ω

@ 100MHz

Source Termination Resistors on Differential Outputs

Source termination, consisting of a 300Ω resistor (this value may vary on the physical design and electrical

characteristics of the PCB) and a 0.1μF non-polar capacitor, should be used on the differential outputs of the

Master and Slave SiI 1178 Tx to improve signal swings. See Figure 23 for an illustration.

Note that the specific value for the source termination resistor and capacitor will depend on the PCB layout and

construction. Different values may be needed to create optimum DVI-compliant output waveforms from the

transmitter.

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX0+

TX0-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX1+

TX1-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX2+

TX2-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX3+

TX3-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX4+

TX4-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TX5+

TX5-

300 ohm

0.1uF

TXC+

TXC-

Figure 23. Differential Output Source Terminations

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 29

Source termination suppresses signal reflection to prevent non-DVI compliant receivers from mis-sampling the

TMDS signals at high frequencies (beyond 135MHz). The impact on DVI compliant receivers is minimal.

Therefore, Silicon Image recommends source termination for most applications. Note that the capacitor is

required to meet DVI idle mode DC offset requirements and must not be omitted. Note also that the signal

suppression requires the REXT_SWING value to be changed. Refer to recommendations on page 11. Power

consumption will be slightly higher when using source termination.

Detail of Source termination (magnified)

R and C 0603 components installed.

Figure 24. Source Termination Layout Illustration

The layout in Figure 24 has been developed to minimize trace stubs on the differential TMDS lines, while

providing pads for the source termination components (left-hand magnified view). Source termination components

should be placed close to the transmitter pins. The resistor and capacitor are shown installed on the pads

provided (right-hand magnified view).

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

30 SiI-DS-0127-A

Transmitter Layout

The transmitter chip should be placed as close as possible to the output connector which carries the TMDS

signals. For a system using the industry-standard DVI connector (see http://www.ddwg.org), the differential lines

should be routed as directly as possible from transmitter to connector with minimal trace length difference, intra-

pair length difference must be within + 0.75 inch to minimize intra-pair skew. PanelLink devices are tolerant of

skews between differential pairs, so spiral skew compensation for path length differences is not required. Each

differential pair should be routed together, minimizing the number of vias through which the signal lines are

routed. An example of a DVI routing is shown in Figure 25.

TxC-

TxC+

Tx0-

Tx0+

Tx1-

Tx1+

Tx2-

Tx2+

TxC-

TxC+

Tx0-

Tx0+

Tx1-

Tx1+

Tx2-

Tx2+

1724

MasterSlave

Figure 25. Transmitter to DVI Connector Layout

As defined in the DVI 1.0 Specification, the impedance of the traces between the connector and the transmitter

should be 100Ω differentially, and close to 50Ω single-ended. The 100Ω requirement is to best match the

differential impedance of the cable and connectors therefore preventing reflections. The common mode currents

are very small on the TMDS interface, so differential impedance is more important than single-ended.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 31

Table 9 lists the pin mapping required on the DVI connector for Master and Slave SiI 1178 Tx.

Table 9. DVI Connector to SiI 1178 Tx for Dual Link Pin Connection

DVI Connector SiI 1178 Tx - Master SiI 1178 Tx - Slave

Pin # Signal

Assignment

Pin # Pin Name Pin # Pin Name

1 TMDS Data2- 30 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx2- from Master

2 TMDS Data2+ 31 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx2+ from Master

3 TMDS Data2/4 Shield

4 TMDS Data4- 27 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx1- from Slave

5 TMDS Data4+ 28 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx1+ from Slave

6 DDC Clock

7 DDC Data

8 Analog VSYNC

9 TMDS Data1- 27 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx1- from Master

10 TMDS Data1+ 28 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx1+ from Master

11 TMDS Data1/3 Shield

12 TMDS Data3- 24 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx0- from Slave

13 TMDS Data3+ 25 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx0+ from Slave

14 +5V Power

15 Ground

16 Hot Plug Detect

17 TMDS Data0- 24 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx0- from Master

18 TMDS Data0+ 25 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

Tx0+ from Master

19 TMDS Data0/5 Shield

20 TMDS Data5- 30 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx2- from Slave

21 TMDS Data5+ 31 TMDS Low Voltage

Signal Tx2+ from Slave

22 TMDS Clock Shield

23 TMDS Clock+ 22 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

TxC+ from Master

24 TMDS Clock- 23 TMDS Low Voltage Signal

TxC- from Master

C1 Analog Red

C2 Analog Green

C3 Analog Blue

C4 Analog HSYNC

C5 Analog Ground

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

32 SiI-DS-0127-A

Recommended Circuits

The Hot Plug pin on the DVI connector will supply a voltage up to 5V. A level-shifting circuit is needed to connect

to the HTPLG pin on the SiI 1178 Tx, as the input pin of the device is not 5V-tolerant. The DVI Specification also

makes this recommendation (Sections 2.2.9.1 and 2.2.9.2). See Figure 26.

Figure 26. Recommended Hot Plug Connection

VCC3

SiI 1178

HTPLG Pin

0 ohms

SD103A

10K ohms

2N3904

10K ohms

DVI Connector

HTPLG Pin

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 33

Packaging

E-pad Enhancement

The SiI 1178 Tx is packaged in a 48-pin TSSOP package with E-pad. The E-pad dimensions are shown in Figure

27.

E-pad Dimensions

typ max

P1 E-pad Height 2.3

P E-pad Width 5.5

All dimensions are in millimeters.

E-pad is centered on the package

center lines.

Figure 27. E-pad Diagram

The E-pad is designed to allow better heat dissipation, and must be soldered down for adequate heat dissipation

for all operating frequencies and environments.

Determining Heat Dissipation Requirements

Generally, the thermal performance of a package can be represented by the following parameter (JEDEC

standard JESD 51-2, 51-6):

θJA , Thermal resistance from junction to ambient

θJA = (TJ - TA) / PH

Where: TJ is the junction temperature

TA is the ambient temperature

PH is the power dissipation

θJA represents the resistance to the heat flow from the chip to ambient air. It is an index of heat dissipation

capability. Lower θJA means better thermal performance.

Implementation of the thermal landing area, combined with complete soldering of the package to the landing area,

results in a θJA of 36°C/W for a multi-layer PCB (4 or more layers). If the SiI 1178 package is assembled to a two-

layer PCB without the thermal landing area, the θJA increases to 109°C/W; if instead it is assembled to a multi-

layer PCB without the thermal landing area, θJA is only 100°C/W due to the slightly improved ability of the multi-

layer PCB to carry away heat.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

34 SiI-DS-0127-A

Table 10 illustrates the power dissipation allowed under different PCB and E-Pad soldered states of SiI 1178.

Table 10. Allowed Power Consumption vs. E-Pad Solder State

E-Pad not soldered to

multi-layer PCB

E-Pad not soldered to 2

layer PCB

E-Pad soldered down to

multi-layer PCB

E-Pad soldered down to

2 layer PCB

θJA 100°C/W 109°C/W 36°C/W 63°C/W

Allowed

PH 0.55W 0.50W 1.53W 0.87W

Max

PH 0.61W 0.61W 0.61W 0.61W

Notes:

1. All calculations based on TJ of 125ºC and TA of 70ºC.

2. Max PH is based on peak current consumption listed on page 5 and 3.6V at speed of 165MHz.

• In the case of no thermal landing pad on a two-layer PCB (θJA = 109°C/W), assuming a worst-case

scenario with operation at the maximum ambient temperature (70°C) and maximum voltage of 3.6V, the

maximum allowable peak power dissipation is 0.50W at 1.65MHz. This configuration does not allow any

headroom for SiI 1178 typical power consumption of 0.50W.

• In the same non-soldered case but on a multi-layer PCB (θJA = 100°C/W), the maximum allowable peak

power dissipation is 0.55W. This configuration is also not recommended since the 0.61W peak power

consumption of the SiI 1178 exceeds the allowed power dissipation.

• In both 2 layer and Multi-layer soldered states, each allow a power dissipation of 0.87W and 1.53W

respectively. This provides sufficient headroom for operation during sustained typical power dissipation of

0.50W or peak power dissipation of 0.61W by SiI 1178.

All PCBs must be designed with a thermal landing area for use with the SiI 1178 E-pad. Operating outside of chip

specifications is not recommended; contact your Silicon Image representative for analysis of non-standard

operational requirements.

Designing with E-pad Landing Area

When designing the PCB to solder down the E-pad, keep the following in mind.

 The ground connections from die to lead-frame are down-bonded to the E-pad to minimize ground

inductance. Therefore, the E-pad must not be electrically connected to any other voltage level except

ground (GND).

 When providing a thermal landing area for soldering the E-pad, design the PCB with a clearance of at

least 0.25mm between the edge of the E-pad and the inner edges of the lead pads to avoid any electrical

shorts.

 The thermal land area on the PCB may use thermal vias to improve heat removal from the package.

These thermal vias can double as ground connections, attaching internally in the PCB to the ground

plane. An array of vias should be designed into the PCB beneath the package.

 For optimum thermal performance, it is recommended that the via diameter be 12 to 13 mils (0.30 to

0.33mm) and the via barrel be plated with 1 ounce copper to plug the via. This is desirable to avoid any

solder wicking inside the via during the soldering process, which may result in voids in solder between the

exposed pad and the thermal land. If the copper plating does not plug the vias, the thermal vias can be

‘tented’ with solder mask on the top surface of the PCB to avoid solder wicking inside the via during

assembly. The solder mask diameter should be at least 4 mils (0.1mm) larger than the via diameter.

 Package stand-off is also a consideration. For a nominal stand-off of 0.1mm (see Figure 28, dimension

‘A1’), the stencil thickness of 5 to 8 mils should provide a good solder joint between the E-pad and the

thermal land. The aperture opening should be subdivided into an array of smaller openings.

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

SiI-DS-0127-A 35

48-pin TSSOP Package

48-pin TSSOP Package Dimensions and Marking Specification

E1 E

e b

Device #

Lot #

Date Code

Trace Code

& Revision

SiIDDDDCSU

LLLLLL.LL-L

LLLLLLLL

N.N

YYWW

Revision

JEDEC Package Code MO-153

typ max

A Thickness 1.10

A1 Stand-off 0.15

A2 Body Thickness 0.95

D1 Body Size 9.70 9.80

E1 Body Size 4.40 4.50

E Footprint 6.40

L1 Lead Length 0.95

b Lead Width 0.23

c Lead Thickness 0.20

e Lead Pitch 0.40

Dimensions in millimeters.

Overall thickness A=A1+A2.

Lead length L1 = (E-E1)/2.

Device Number

SiIDDDD

Production SiI1178CSU

Legend Description

DDDD Part Number

LNNNNN.LLL Lot Number

YY Year of Mfr

WW Week of Mfr

N.N Revision Number

LLLLLLL Country of

Packaging

Figure 28. Package Diagram

Ordering Information

Production Part Number: SiI1178CSU

SiI 1178 PanelLink Transmitter

Data Sheet

36 SiI-DS-0127-A

Silicon Image, Inc. Tel: (408) 616-4000

1060 E. Arques Avenue

Sunnyvale, CA 94085

USA

Fax: (408) 830-9530

E-mail: salessupport@siimage.com

Web: www.siliconimage.com